TheDude @ LCS Postat Martie 6 Postat Martie 6 Tutorial: Linux File Permissions & User Management Understanding permissions is one of the most important skills when working with Linux. This tutorial teaches how Linux controls who can read, modify, or execute files. Tutorial Title “Linux Permissions & Users – Secure Your System Like a Pro” Linux is built around a strong permission system that protects files and prevents unauthorized access. Step 1: Understand Permission Types Every file in Linux has three permission types: Read (r) – Allows viewing the file Write (w) – Allows editing or deleting the file Execute (x) – Allows running the file as a program You can check permissions with: ls -l Example output: -rwxr-xr-- 1 user user file.sh This shows permissions for: Owner Group Others Step 2: Change File Permissions Use the chmod command to modify permissions. Example: chmod 755 script.sh Meaning of 755: 7 = Read + Write + Execute (owner) 5 = Read + Execute (group) 5 = Read + Execute (others) This is commonly used for scripts and programs. Step 3: Change File Ownership You can change file owners using: sudo chown username file.txt Or change both owner and group: sudo chown user:group file.txt This is useful on servers where multiple users work on the same system. Step 4: Create and Manage Users Create a new user: sudo adduser gamer Add user to admin group: sudo usermod -aG sudo gamer On systems like Ubuntu, this gives the user administrative privileges. Step 5: Secure Important Files Best practices: Never give 777 permission to important files Use groups to manage team access Restrict sensitive files to the owner only Example: chmod 600 private.txt Only the owner can read or write the file. Why This Tutorial Matters Learning permissions helps you: Protect system files Secure servers Prevent accidental data deletion Manage multi-user systems properly These skills are essential for Linux administrators and cybersecurity professionals. SOURCE
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